[ { "source_id": "S001", "full_chicago_style_citation": "van Gennep, Arnold. *The Rites of Passage*. Translated by Monika B. Vizedom and Gabrielle L. Caffee. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960. Originally published as *Les rites de passage* (Paris: Émile Nourry, 1909).", "source_class": "University-press book; translated foundational theory", "discipline_and_method": "Anthropology; comparative analysis of ritual sequences", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Rites%20of%20Passage%22%20au%3A%22Arnold%20van%20Gennep%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Chaps. 1–3; separation, transition, incorporation", "access_status": "partial text", "central_argument": "Rites that alter social status commonly organize change into separation, an intervening transition, and incorporation.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Comparative ethnographic reports and ritual classifications assembled from the literature available to the author.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supplies the baseline model of governed passage against which failed or non-completing passages can be identified.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its universalizing comparative method and early-twentieth-century colonial archive require critical qualification; it does not theorize horror or technical systems.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher/catalog metadata and accessible excerpts verified; translator and original-language edition checked." }, { "source_id": "S002", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Turner, Victor. *The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-Structure*. Chicago: Aldine, 1969.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Social anthropology; symbolic and processual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Ritual%20Process%3A%20Structure%20and%20Anti-Structure%22%20au%3A%22Victor%20Turner%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Chaps. 3–4; liminality and communitas", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "The liminal phase suspends ordinary rank and classification while exposing participants to transformation under ritual authority.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Fieldwork-derived interpretation of Ndembu ritual combined with comparative theory.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Clarifies that liminality is a socially governed process, not simply an empty or strange location.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Turner often emphasizes generative communitas; horror cases instead foreground coercion, unequal exposure, and failed reincorporation.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher/catalog record and chapter-level descriptions verified." }, { "source_id": "S003", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Douglas, Mary. *Purity and Danger: An Analysis of Concepts of Pollution and Taboo*. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Social anthropology; comparative symbolic analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Purity%20and%20Danger%22%20au%3A%22Mary%20Douglas%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Chaps. 2–3; boundary maintenance and anomaly", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Pollution classifications protect social orders by managing matter, persons, and states that do not fit established categories.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Comparative religious and social classifications.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Explains why uncertain classification can become dangerous without making all anomaly liminal.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The book can overgeneralize symbolic systems and requires supplementation by material, political, and colonial analysis.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Edition metadata and publisher/catalog descriptions verified." }, { "source_id": "S004", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Freud, Sigmund. “The Uncanny.” In *The Uncanny*, translated by David McLintock, 121–62. London: Penguin, 2003. Originally published 1919.", "source_class": "Translated theoretical essay", "discipline_and_method": "Psychoanalysis; etymological and literary interpretation", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Uncanny%22%20au%3A%22Sigmund%20Freud%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Essay “The Uncanny,” esp. repetition, doubles, animation, and return", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "The uncanny arises when what should have remained hidden returns within the familiar, often through repetition, doubles, uncertain animation, and revived beliefs.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Etymology, literary examples, clinical and psychoanalytic interpretation.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides a neighboring account of familiar estrangement and return that must be distinguished from governed passage.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its psychic and familial emphasis does not by itself explain institutions, infrastructures, differential access, or material carriers.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Translation/edition and original publication date verified." }, { "source_id": "S005", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Bachelard, Gaston. *The Poetics of Space*. Translated by Maria Jolas. Boston: Beacon Press, 1994. Originally published as *La poétique de l’espace* (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1958).", "source_class": "University-press book; translated phenomenology", "discipline_and_method": "Phenomenology and literary criticism; image-centered reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Poetics%20of%20Space%22%20au%3A%22Gaston%20Bachelard%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Chaps. 1–2, 6–9", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Intimate spaces such as houses, rooms, corners, drawers, and nests organize memory, imagination, and dwelling.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Close readings of poetic and literary images.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Shows why domestic affordances carry affective promises that haunted architecture can betray.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its emphasis on reverie can idealize home and understate violence, exclusion, tenancy, labor, and property.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Translator, original language, edition, and publisher metadata verified." }, { "source_id": "S006", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Foucault, Michel. “Of Other Spaces.” Translated by Jay Miskowiec. *Diacritics* 16, no. 1 (1986): 22–27.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article; translated lecture text", "discipline_and_method": "Philosophy and spatial theory; conceptual typology", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.2307/464648", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "22–27", "access_status": "partial text", "central_argument": "Heterotopias juxtapose incompatible spaces, regulate entry and exit, and relate ordinary space to crisis, deviation, time, and social ordering.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Conceptual examples ranging from cemeteries and ships to prisons and museums.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supplies a model of spatial otherness with explicit opening-and-closing systems.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Heterotopia is not synonymous with liminality or horror; the text’s compressed examples can invite loose application.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "DOI, journal issue, translator, and page range verified." }, { "source_id": "S007", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Lefebvre, Henri. *The Production of Space*. Translated by Donald Nicholson-Smith. Oxford: Blackwell, 1991. Originally published as *La production de l’espace* (Paris: Anthropos, 1974).", "source_class": "Translated scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Marxist spatial theory; historical and conceptual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Production%20of%20Space%22%20au%3A%22Henri%20Lefebvre%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Part I; spatial practice, representations of space, representational spaces", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Space is socially produced through material practice, institutional representation, and lived meaning rather than serving as a neutral container.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Historical, philosophical, political-economic, and cultural analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Grounds the claim that corridors, rooms, plans, and networks actively organize relations and passage.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its high level of abstraction requires case-specific architectural and technical evidence.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Translation/original-edition metadata and publisher record verified." }, { "source_id": "S008", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Evans, Robin. “Figures, Doors and Passages.” *Architectural Design* 48, no. 4 (1978): 267–77.", "source_class": "Scholarly architectural essay", "discipline_and_method": "Architectural history; plan analysis and social interpretation", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Figures%2C%20Doors%20and%20Passages%22%20au%3A%22Robin%20Evans%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "267–77", "access_status": "partial text", "central_argument": "Changes in room connection and corridor planning reorganized privacy, encounter, service, and household relations.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Comparative reading of European domestic plans and paintings.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Directly establishes passage as a social technology whose guarantees depend on spatial arrangement.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The essay concentrates on elite European domestic architecture and needs extension to race, disability, colonialism, and technical mediation.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Original journal citation and page range verified; later reprints have different pagination." }, { "source_id": "S009", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Vidler, Anthony. *The Architectural Uncanny: Essays in the Modern Unhomely*. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Architectural history and theory; psychoanalytic cultural criticism", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Architectural%20Uncanny%22%20au%3A%22Anthony%20Vidler%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; essays on the unhomely and modern space", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Modern architecture repeatedly generates an “unhomely” return in which ideals of rational dwelling expose repression, estrangement, and anxiety.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Architectural history, psychoanalytic theory, literature, film, and criticism.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides the strongest neighboring architectural category and helps distinguish failed passage from generalized unhomeliness.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its canonical European and psychoanalytic frame must be supplemented by critical race, disability, labor, and infrastructure studies.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "MIT Press metadata and table of contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S010", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Augé, Marc. *Non-Places: Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity*. Translated by John Howe. London: Verso, 1995. Originally published as *Non-lieux* (Paris: Seuil, 1992).", "source_class": "Translated scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Anthropology of contemporary mobility; conceptual and observational analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Non-Places%22%20au%3A%22Marc%20Aug%C3%A9%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Prologue and chaps. 2–3", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Supermodern infrastructures such as airports, motorways, and standardized commercial spaces produce contractual, transitory relations rather than durable place identity.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Conceptual analysis and observations of mobility environments.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Clarifies the ordinary scripts and documentary identities of transit spaces.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Non-place is not inherently haunted, liminal, or horrific; the concept can flatten differences among travelers and overlook labor and coercion.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Translation, original edition, and publisher metadata verified." }, { "source_id": "S011", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Ahmed, Sara. *Queer Phenomenology: Orientations, Objects, Others*. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2006.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Feminist and queer phenomenology; conceptual and textual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Queer%20Phenomenology%22%20au%3A%22Sara%20Ahmed%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–2", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Bodies become oriented through lines, objects, histories, and spatial arrangements that make some directions available and others difficult or impossible.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Phenomenological argument, philosophical engagement, and cultural examples.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Makes passage differential: the same corridor, object, or interface does not offer the same line to every body.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Orientation is broader than liminality; applications to horror require evidence of failed transformation and active residue.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, overview, and chapter descriptions verified." }, { "source_id": "S012", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Derrida, Jacques. *Specters of Marx: The State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning and the New International*. Translated by Peggy Kamuf. New York: Routledge, 1994. Originally published as *Spectres de Marx* (Paris: Galilée, 1993).", "source_class": "Translated philosophical monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Deconstruction; political and textual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Specters%20of%20Marx%22%20au%3A%22Jacques%20Derrida%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Exordium; chaps. 1 and 5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "The present is constituted by inheritances and obligations that are neither simply present nor absent, making responsibility to specters a political problem.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Philosophical reading of Marx, Shakespeare, and post–Cold War claims.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports haunting as continued agency of unresolved inheritance rather than a literal ghost alone.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Hauntology is not a ready-made mechanism for buildings or machines; material carriers and institutional authority must still be specified.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Translator, original edition, and publisher metadata verified." }, { "source_id": "S013", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Gordon, Avery F. *Ghostly Matters: Haunting and the Sociological Imagination*. 2nd ed. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008. Originally published 1997.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Sociology and cultural studies; historical, literary, and critical analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Ghostly%20Matters%22%20au%3A%22Avery%20F.%20Gordon%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; “her shape and his hand”; conclusion", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Haunting registers how suppressed or unresolved social violence remains forceful in ordinary life and demands a different account of what counts as evidence.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Archival history, sociological critique, literary analysis, and case studies including *Beloved* and state terror.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides the dossier’s social definition of residue and its insistence that haunting carries claims on the present.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Haunting can become expansive unless tied to a specific carrier, threshold, and consequence.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Second-edition metadata, original date, and publisher summary verified." }, { "source_id": "S014", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Davis, Colin. “Hauntology, Spectres and Phantoms.” *French Studies* 59, no. 3 (2005): 373–79.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Literary and cultural theory; comparative conceptual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/kni143", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "373–79", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Derridean specters call for ethical engagement with what remains undecidable, whereas psychoanalytic phantoms tend toward disclosure of a concealed secret.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Comparative reading of Derrida and Abraham/Torok.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Prevents the research from treating all returns as the same kind of haunting.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The article is conceptual rather than architectural or technical; this dossier extends its distinction by inference.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official journal metadata, DOI, abstract, and page range verified." }, { "source_id": "S015", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Fisher, Mark. *The Weird and the Eerie*. London: Repeater Books, 2016.", "source_class": "Critical monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Cultural theory; close reading of literature, film, music, and television", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Weird%20and%20the%20Eerie%22%20au%3A%22Mark%20Fisher%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; “The Eerie”", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "The weird concerns a presence that does not belong, while the eerie concerns failures of presence or agency—something present where nothing should be, or absent where something should act.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Close readings of cultural works.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Helps specify agency anomalies without equating them with liminal passage.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The categories are deliberately aesthetic and broad; they do not supply a social theory of access, institutions, or maintenance.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, contents, and summary verified." }, { "source_id": "S016", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Trigg, Dylan. *The Memory of Place: A Phenomenology of the Uncanny*. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2012.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Phenomenology; philosophical and experiential analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Memory%20of%20Place%22%20au%3A%22Dylan%20Trigg%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1, 4, and 6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Place memory exceeds deliberate recollection and can return through embodied, material, and uncanny encounters.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Phenomenological analysis, philosophical sources, and place-based examples.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports an account of architectural residue that acts through bodies and materials.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Phenomenology can underdescribe political ownership, institutional policy, and unequal exposure without additional sources.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata and table of contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S017", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Edensor, Tim. *Industrial Ruins: Space, Aesthetics and Materiality*. Oxford: Berg, 2005.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Cultural geography; ethnographic observation and material-spatial analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Industrial%20Ruins%3A%20Space%2C%20Aesthetics%20and%20Materiality%22%20au%3A%22Tim%20Edensor%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 2–6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Industrial ruins loosen regulated uses and temporal orders, enabling alternative practices, sensations, memories, and ecologies.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Field observation, photography, cultural geography, and material analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Establishes why ruins can host residue and altered passage while also showing that ruin is not automatically horror.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The focus on exploratory possibility can understate danger, ownership, labor loss, and communities affected by deindustrialization.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, contents, and scholarly summaries verified." }, { "source_id": "S018", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Carroll, Noël. *The Philosophy of Horror, or Paradoxes of the Heart*. New York: Routledge, 1990.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Aesthetics and philosophy; analytic argument and genre examples", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Philosophy%20of%20Horror%22%20au%3A%22No%C3%ABl%20Carroll%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Part I, “The Nature of Horror”", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Art-horror organizes emotion around threatening and impure entities whose categorical violation matters to audience response.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Conceptual analysis and examples from horror fiction and film.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides a genre-level account of horror against which system-centered liminal horror can be specified.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its monster-centered model underfits impersonal, infrastructural, and administrative horror.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher/catalog metadata and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S019", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Sconce, Jeffrey. *Haunted Media: Electronic Presence from Telegraphy to Television*. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2000.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Media history; archival and cultural discourse analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Haunted%20Media%22%20au%3A%22Jeffrey%20Sconce%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Electronic media have repeatedly been understood through fantasies and anxieties of disembodied presence, liveness, sentience, and contact with the dead.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Press archives, spiritualism, broadcasting history, technical discourse, and popular culture.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Historicizes technological haunting as a recurrent problem of presence across distance rather than a novelty of digital media.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Cultural discourse does not alone prove system behavior; technical, labor, ownership, and energy layers require other sources.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Duke University Press metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S020", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Manning, Paul. “Spectral Aphasia, Psychical Ghost Stories, and Spirit Post Offices.” *Signs and Society* 9, no. 2 (2021): 204–33.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Linguistic anthropology and media theory; historical semiotic analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1086/714424", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "204–33; esp. 215 and 219–20", "access_status": "full text", "central_argument": "Victorian psychical research imagined spectral communication through postal and telegraphic models, making failed address, delay, and mediation central to ghostly agency.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Historical cases, psychical-research texts, and semiotic analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Directly supports “misaddressed presence” and “spirit post office” as media-threshold mechanisms.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its historical corpus is specific to Victorian psychical research; extension to contemporary networks is an explicit researcher inference.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher HTML and full PDF verified; title page and relevant pages visually inspected." }, { "source_id": "S021", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Gitelman, Lisa. *Always Already New: Media, History, and the Data of Culture*. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Media history; material, institutional, and discursive analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Always%20Already%20New%22%20au%3A%22Lisa%20Gitelman%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1 and 4", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Media are socially realized structures of communication whose protocols and histories shape what can appear as data or novelty.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Historical case studies of recorded sound and digital networks.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports analysis of recordings and interfaces as protocol-bound passages rather than transparent containers.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The book is not a horror study; the dossier’s haunting claims are interpretive extensions.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "MIT Press metadata, contents, and synopsis verified." }, { "source_id": "S022", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Peters, John Durham. *The Marvelous Clouds: Toward a Philosophy of Elemental Media*. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Media philosophy; historical and conceptual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Marvelous%20Clouds%22%20au%3A%22John%20Durham%20Peters%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1, 4, and 5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Media are not only devices that carry messages but environments, elements, logistics, and techniques that condition existence.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Philosophy, media history, environmental thought, and technical examples.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Broadens technological haunting from screens to buildings, logistics, atmosphere, and infrastructure.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its expansive definition of media risks category inflation unless paired with precise carriers and thresholds.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, overview, and table of contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S023", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Parikka, Jussi. *A Geology of Media*. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2015.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Media archaeology and environmental humanities; material-historical analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22A%20Geology%20of%20Media%22%20au%3A%22Jussi%20Parikka%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1, 4, and 5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Digital media depend on geological extraction, toxic processing, energy, labor, and waste that conventional media histories render peripheral.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Media archaeology, environmental history, art, and material analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Requires the dossier to identify the material residue and environmental cost carried by “immaterial” interfaces.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The geological scale can obscure immediate user experience unless connected to operational systems and institutions.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S024", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Starosielski, Nicole. *The Undersea Network*. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2015.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Media infrastructure studies; archival, ethnographic, and route-based analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Undersea%20Network%22%20au%3A%22Nicole%20Starosielski%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–2 and 5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Submarine cable networks are shaped by geography, colonial routes, landing sites, maintenance, visibility strategies, and environmental vulnerability.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Archival research, field visits, interviews, mapping, and infrastructure analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Demonstrates that network passage is materially routed and historically inherited rather than placeless.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The book’s emphasis is cable infrastructure, not horror; haunting is a comparative inference.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Duke University Press metadata, contents, and synopsis verified." }, { "source_id": "S025", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Hu, Tung-Hui. *A Prehistory of the Cloud*. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2015.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Media history and critical theory; infrastructural genealogy", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22A%20Prehistory%20of%20the%20Cloud%22%20au%3A%22Tung-Hui%20Hu%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–4", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Cloud computing inherits earlier forms of sovereignty, enclosure, labor, militarization, and network imagination while presenting itself as frictionless.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Historical archives, technical discourse, art, and cultural analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports the claim that cloud interfaces preserve older institutional and spatial residues.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The genealogical approach does not by itself establish user-level liminal horror in each system.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "MIT Press metadata, contents, and synopsis verified." }, { "source_id": "S026", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Galloway, Alexander R. *The Interface Effect*. Cambridge: Polity, 2012.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Software and media theory; conceptual analysis and close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Interface%20Effect%22%20au%3A%22Alexander%20R.%20Galloway%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1 and 3", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Interfaces are not neutral windows but effects that organize relations, visibility, action, and political form.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Philosophical argument, software examples, visual culture, and critical theory.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Frames the interface as a governed threshold whose legible invitations conceal rule systems.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its theoretical abstraction requires empirical evidence for specific platforms and affected populations.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata and synopsis verified." }, { "source_id": "S027", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Chun, Wendy Hui Kyong. *Programmed Visions: Software and Memory*. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2011.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Software studies and media archaeology; historical-conceptual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Programmed%20Visions%22%20au%3A%22Wendy%20Hui%20Kyong%20Chun%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1, 4, and 5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Software’s apparent programmability and memory depend on repeated execution, habitual renewal, hardware, and institutional narratives of control.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Computing history, code discourse, media theory, and technical-cultural examples.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports “protocol afterlife”: rules can continue to act even when their origin or authority is obscured.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The dossier must avoid turning all software repetition into haunting; a returning residue and failed guarantee remain necessary.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "MIT Press metadata, contents, and synopsis verified." }, { "source_id": "S028", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Star, Susan Leigh. “The Ethnography of Infrastructure.” *American Behavioral Scientist* 43, no. 3 (1999): 377–91.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Science and technology studies; methodological synthesis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/00027649921955326", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "377–91", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Infrastructure is relational, learned as part of membership, embedded in other arrangements, and most visible upon breakdown.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Synthesis of infrastructure studies and ethnographic methodological observations.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides a disciplined way to analyze carriers, membership, standards, and breakdown.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Breakdown is methodologically revealing but not inherently haunting or liminal.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official journal metadata, DOI, abstract, and page range verified." }, { "source_id": "S029", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Star, Susan Leigh, and Karen Ruhleder. “Steps Toward an Ecology of Infrastructure: Design and Access for Large Information Spaces.” *Information Systems Research* 7, no. 1 (1996): 111–34.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Information systems and STS; ethnographic case analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.7.1.111", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "111–34", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Infrastructure emerges through relations between technical arrangements and communities of practice; access failures cannot be reduced to isolated tools.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Ethnographic study of a distributed scientific information system.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports analysis of access as situated membership rather than a binary technical feature.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The original case predates platform-scale governance; contemporary extrapolation requires additional evidence.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "DOI, journal metadata, abstract, and page range verified." }, { "source_id": "S030", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Larkin, Brian. “The Politics and Poetics of Infrastructure.” *Annual Review of Anthropology* 42 (2013): 327–43.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed review article", "discipline_and_method": "Anthropology and infrastructure studies; synthetic literature review", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-092412-155522", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "327–43", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Infrastructures distribute resources and sensation while operating as political, aesthetic, technical, and symbolic forms.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Interdisciplinary synthesis of anthropological infrastructure research.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Connects technical passage to affect, promise, state power, and public imagination.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "As a review, it maps a field rather than resolving the dossier’s specific definition of liminal horror.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official DOI, abstract, volume, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S031", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Graham, Stephen, and Nigel Thrift. “Out of Order: Understanding Repair and Maintenance.” *Theory, Culture & Society* 24, no. 3 (2007): 1–25.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Urban and social theory; synthetic conceptual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276407075954", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "1–25", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Cities and technologies persist through continuous repair, improvisation, and maintenance rather than stable completion.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Interdisciplinary examples and conceptual synthesis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Shows that a system’s continued invitation often rests on hidden labor and partial repair.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The article emphasizes ordinary continuity; horror requires additional evidence of residue, coercion, and failed guarantee.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official journal metadata, DOI, abstract, and page range verified." }, { "source_id": "S032", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Jackson, Steven J. “Rethinking Repair.” In *Media Technologies: Essays on Communication, Materiality, and Society*, edited by Tarleton Gillespie, Pablo J. Boczkowski, and Kirsten A. Foot. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014.", "source_class": "Chapter in scholarly edited collection", "discipline_and_method": "STS and media studies; conceptual synthesis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262525374.003.0011", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Chapter “Rethinking Repair”", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Repair, breakdown, and maintenance are constitutive moments of technological order, not secondary exceptions to innovation.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Synthesis of STS, technology studies, and repair examples.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Makes maintenance a central carrier of both continuity and unresolved residue.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "A repair-centered account can overprivilege recoverability; some systems are designed around exclusion rather than accidental failure.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "MIT Press chapter DOI and collection metadata verified; chapter locator used instead of uncertain reprint pagination." }, { "source_id": "S033", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Puig de la Bellacasa, María. *Matters of Care: Speculative Ethics in More Than Human Worlds*. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2017.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Feminist STS; conceptual, ethnographic, and speculative analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Matters%20of%20Care%22%20au%3A%22Mar%C3%ADa%20Puig%20de%20la%20Bellacasa%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1 and 3", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Care is material, affective, ethical, and political work that sustains worlds while remaining ambivalent and unevenly distributed.", "evidence_used_by_source": "STS cases, feminist theory, environmental and more-than-human analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides a countermodel to systems whose care affordance becomes extraction, classification, or abandonment.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Care should not be romanticized; the book itself stresses ambivalence, and this dossier retains that caution.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, contents, and synopsis verified." }, { "source_id": "S034", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Appel, Hannah, Nikhil Anand, and Akhil Gupta, eds. *The Promise of Infrastructure*. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2018.", "source_class": "University-press edited collection", "discipline_and_method": "Anthropology and infrastructure studies; comparative ethnographic cases", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478002031", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction and case-study chapters", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Infrastructure binds material systems to promises of modernity, citizenship, development, and futurity that are often delayed or unevenly delivered.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Comparative ethnographies of infrastructure across regions and sectors.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Directly informs the dossier’s language of guarantees and broken promises.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "“Promise” is broader than the defined threshold contract; not every deferred infrastructure promise is liminal or horrific.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Duke University Press DOI, editors, publication date, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S035", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Anand, Nikhil. *Hydraulic City: Water and the Infrastructures of Citizenship in Mumbai*. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2017.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Anthropology; ethnography of infrastructure and citizenship", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Hydraulic%20City%22%20au%3A%22Nikhil%20Anand%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–3 and 6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Water access in Mumbai is produced through pipes, pressure, paperwork, engineers, politics, and differentiated claims to citizenship.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Long-term ethnography, interviews, infrastructure observation, and administrative records.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Shows how a mundane service threshold converts identity and location into unequal material passage.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The case is not a horror text; its use here is structural comparison and must not aestheticize deprivation.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, synopsis, and chapter descriptions verified." }, { "source_id": "S036", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Rodgers, Dennis, and Bruce O’Neill. “Infrastructural Violence: Introduction to the Special Issue.” *Ethnography* 13, no. 4 (2012): 401–12.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Anthropology and urban studies; conceptual introduction", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1466138111435738", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "401–12", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Infrastructure can enact violence through presence, absence, degradation, distribution, and the social relations it materializes.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Conceptual synthesis and framing of comparative ethnographic articles.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Names the material harm that occurs when passage systems distribute exposure and exclusion.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The concept is broad; the dossier limits “liminal horror” to cases with a governed threshold and active residue.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official journal metadata, DOI, abstract, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S037", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Graham, Stephen, and Simon Marvin. *Splintering Urbanism: Networked Infrastructures, Technological Mobilities and the Urban Condition*. London: Routledge, 2001.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Urban geography and planning; comparative political-economic analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Splintering%20Urbanism%22%20au%3A%22Stephen%20Graham%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; parts I and III", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Liberalized network infrastructures can unbundle universal-service ideals and create premium connections alongside bypassed or degraded spaces.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Comparative urban and infrastructure cases, policy analysis, and theory.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Explains how the same network can make passage reliable for some populations and uncertain for others.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The framework emphasizes political economy more than haunting; historical residue must be separately demonstrated.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, contents, and synopsis verified." }, { "source_id": "S038", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Cowen, Deborah. *The Deadly Life of Logistics: Mapping Violence in Global Trade*. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2014.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Political geography; historical and geopolitical analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Deadly%20Life%20of%20Logistics%22%20au%3A%22Deborah%20Cowen%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1, 3, and 5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Logistics reorganizes territory, labor, security, and violence around the protected movement of goods.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Historical documents, policy, military and commercial logistics, and geographic analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Makes routes, checkpoints, warehouses, and data systems active political thresholds.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its macroscopic focus needs workplace and interface studies for embodied user consequences.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, contents, and synopsis verified." }, { "source_id": "S039", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Bowker, Geoffrey C., and Susan Leigh Star. *Sorting Things Out: Classification and Its Consequences*. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "STS and information studies; historical case analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Sorting%20Things%20Out%22%20au%3A%22Geoffrey%20C.%20Bowker%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–2, 6–7", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Classification systems embed values, histories, and exclusions while becoming infrastructurally difficult to see and change.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Historical studies of medical, racial, and occupational classifications and standards.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Grounds the database and identity threshold: categories continue acting after their origins disappear from view.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Classification is not automatically haunting; the dossier requires a returning rule or suppressed history with present consequences.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "MIT Press metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S040", "full_chicago_style_citation": "LeCavalier, Jesse. *The Rule of Logistics: Walmart and the Architecture of Fulfillment*. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2016.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Architectural history and logistics studies; spatial and institutional analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Rule%20of%20Logistics%22%20au%3A%22Jesse%20LeCavalier%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 2–5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Retail logistics produces buildings, territories, standards, and information systems organized around continuous fulfillment.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Architectural drawings, corporate history, logistics systems, and spatial analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Links architecture and data in spaces where routing becomes an operational imperative.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its central case is Walmart rather than Amazon; cross-company comparison requires separate evidence.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, contents, and synopsis verified." }, { "source_id": "S041", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Foucault, Michel. *The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception*. Translated by A. M. Sheridan Smith. New York: Vintage, 1994. Originally published as *Naissance de la clinique* (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1963).", "source_class": "Translated scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "History of medicine and philosophy; archaeological discourse analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Birth%20of%20the%20Clinic%22%20au%3A%22Michel%20Foucault%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Preface; chaps. 5–9", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Modern clinical medicine reorganized perception, institutional space, knowledge, and the patient as an observable case.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Historical medical texts, institutional change, and discourse analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Clarifies the hospital as a passage from person to case, symptom to diagnosis, and life to record.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its broad archaeology requires supplementation by architectural history, patient experience, disability, race, and labor studies.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Translation, original edition, and publisher metadata verified." }, { "source_id": "S042", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Goffman, Erving. *Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates*. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1961.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Sociology; institutional ethnography and analytic essays", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Asylums%22%20au%3A%22Erving%20Goffman%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "“On the Characteristics of Total Institutions”", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Total institutions reorganize everyday activity, identity, movement, and privacy under a single administrative authority.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Field observations and comparative institutional analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Establishes how architecture, schedules, records, and staff control passages between social identities.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The concept can flatten differences among institutions and carries period-specific language and assumptions.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Edition metadata and essay title verified." }, { "source_id": "S043", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Adams, Annmarie. *Medicine by Design: The Architect and the Modern Hospital, 1893–1943*. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Architectural history; archival and plan analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Medicine%20by%20Design%22%20au%3A%22Annmarie%20Adams%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Hospital design participated in medical modernization by organizing circulation, observation, ventilation, treatment, domesticity, and professional authority.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Architectural plans, hospital archives, professional publications, and historical case studies.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Treats the hospital as an operative passage system rather than a spooky setting.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its North American historical focus and endpoint require later and global sources for contemporary systems.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S044", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Murphy, Michelle. *Sick Building Syndrome and the Problem of Uncertainty: Environmental Politics, Technoscience, and Women Workers*. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2006.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Feminist STS and environmental history; archival and case analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Sick%20Building%20Syndrome%20and%20the%20Problem%20of%20Uncertainty%22%20au%3A%22Michelle%20Murphy%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–3 and 6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Sick-building disputes reveal how environmental uncertainty, gendered labor, ventilation systems, expertise, and credibility shape whose bodily evidence counts.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Archival records, occupational-health disputes, technical systems, and feminist analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Shows a building whose ordinary work affordance persists while health guarantees and epistemic recognition fail.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "It analyzes documented harm rather than an aesthetic horror object; the dossier uses it as a reference case with ethical caution.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Duke University Press metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S045", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Graham, Stephen. *Cities Under Siege: The New Military Urbanism*. London: Verso, 2010.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Urban geography and security studies; comparative political analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Cities%20Under%20Siege%22%20au%3A%22Stephen%20Graham%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 2–6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Military and security logics migrate into ordinary urban systems, producing surveillance, targeting, fortified mobility, and differential citizenship.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Policy, military doctrine, technologies, urban cases, and cultural analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Connects checkpoints, sensors, databases, and urban design as passage-governing security assemblages.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The “new military urbanism” thesis has been criticized when applied too uniformly across cities; local institutional evidence remains necessary.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, contents, synopsis, and scholarly review context verified." }, { "source_id": "S046", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Weizman, Eyal. *Hollow Land: Israel’s Architecture of Occupation*. London: Verso, 2007.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Architectural theory and political geography; spatial, legal, and visual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Hollow%20Land%22%20au%3A%22Eyal%20Weizman%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–7", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Occupation operates through architecture, vertical territory, roads, checkpoints, walls, legal devices, and flexible spatial control.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Maps, plans, legal and military documents, field observation, and visual analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Demonstrates how passage can remain legible yet be unpredictably revoked, rerouted, or made compulsory by spatial authority.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The case demands political specificity and cannot be generalized into an abstract “liminal landscape” without erasing ongoing violence.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, contents, and synopsis verified." }, { "source_id": "S047", "full_chicago_style_citation": "McKittrick, Katherine. *Demonic Grounds: Black Women and the Cartographies of Struggle*. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2006.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Black feminist geography; historical, literary, and theoretical analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Demonic%20Grounds%22%20au%3A%22Katherine%20McKittrick%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1, 3, and 5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Racial domination is spatially produced, while Black geographic practices contest the mapping and naturalization of dispossession.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Historical geography, slave narratives, literature, archives, and Black feminist theory.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Prevents the threshold model from treating spatial uncertainty as universal or politically neutral.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its “demonic grounds” should not be converted into a generic horror tag; the dossier uses its geographic critique, not its vocabulary as atmosphere.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S048", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Sharpe, Christina. *In the Wake: On Blackness and Being*. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2016.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Black studies; literary, visual, historical, and conceptual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22In%20the%20Wake%22%20au%3A%22Christina%20Sharpe%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Chaps. 1–4: “The Wake,” “The Ship,” “The Hold,” “The Weather”", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "The afterlives of slavery persist as an ongoing climate of antiblack violence, representation, and uneven exposure rather than a completed past.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Historical documents, literature, visual culture, current events, and conceptual analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supplies a rigorous account of residue as structural continuation rather than decorative ghostliness.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The work should not be reduced to a metaphor for genre horror; its ethical and historical specificity governs its use here.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Duke University Press metadata, chapter titles, synopsis, and publication details verified." }, { "source_id": "S049", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Mbembe, Achille. “Necropolitics.” *Public Culture* 15, no. 1 (2003): 11–40.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Political theory and postcolonial studies; historical-conceptual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-15-1-11", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "11–40", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Sovereignty can operate through the power to expose populations to death, injury, abandonment, and conditions of living death.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Political theory, colonial history, war, occupation, and philosophical analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Clarifies that passage between life, care, detention, and death is governed unequally by institutions.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The concept is high-level and politically charged; case application must remain historically precise.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official journal DOI, volume, issue, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S050", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Hamraie, Aimi. *Building Access: Universal Design and the Politics of Disability*. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2017.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Disability studies and design history; archival and critical analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Building%20Access%22%20au%3A%22Aimi%20Hamraie%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Access is a contested political and design practice shaped by standards, expertise, activism, built form, and assumptions about users.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Design archives, standards, activist histories, policy, and critical theory.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Makes the guarantee of entry and use explicit while showing that “universal” passage is historically negotiated.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Universal design cannot be treated as a settled solution; access remains contextual and political.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S051", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Garland-Thomson, Rosemarie. “Misfits: A Feminist Materialist Disability Concept.” *Hypatia* 26, no. 3 (2011): 591–609.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Feminist disability studies; conceptual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2011.01206.x", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "591–609", "access_status": "full text", "central_argument": "Disability can be understood relationally as a misfit between embodied variation and a material-social environment rather than as an intrinsic defect.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Conceptual argument, feminist materialism, and disability examples.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Shows how a threshold can function for one body and fail for another without technical malfunction.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "“Misfit” is not equivalent to liminality; the dossier adds temporal rupture and residue only where evidence supports them.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official full-text HTML, DOI, issue, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S052", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Browne, Simone. *Dark Matters: On the Surveillance of Blackness*. 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Cambridge: Polity, 2019.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Critical race and technology studies; conceptual and case analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Race%20After%20Technology%22%20au%3A%22Ruha%20Benjamin%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Technical systems can reproduce racial hierarchy while presenting decisions as neutral, efficient, or objective.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Documented technology cases, policy, media, and critical theory.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports recognition failure and delegated decision as historically patterned rather than accidental error.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The book’s broad category of discriminatory technology must be narrowed case by case to identify a threshold, carrier, and consequence.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S054", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Eubanks, Virginia. *Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor*. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2018.", "source_class": "Research-based scholarly trade book", "discipline_and_method": "STS, policy, and sociology; fieldwork and investigative case studies", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Automating%20Inequality%22%20au%3A%22Virginia%20Eubanks%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; cases on Indiana welfare, Los Angeles homelessness, and Allegheny County child welfare", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Automated public-service systems can convert applications for aid into intensified scrutiny, denial, and punishment for poor and working-class people.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Interviews, fieldwork, public records, system documents, and policy history.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides a strong real-world case of an expected care guarantee turning into an administrative threshold of suspicion.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Cases are jurisdiction-specific and systems change over time; contemporary operational claims require fresh verification.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher and author descriptions, edition metadata, contents, and case summaries verified." }, { "source_id": "S055", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Amoore, Louise. *Cloud Ethics: Algorithms and the Attributes of Ourselves and Others*. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2020.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Political geography and critical data studies; conceptual and case analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Cloud%20Ethics%22%20au%3A%22Louise%20Amoore%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Algorithmic decisions are generated through partial attributes, relations, and possibilities rather than complete representations of persons, creating ethical problems that cannot be solved by transparency alone.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Security, machine learning, border, and data examples with philosophical analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Explains how users cross thresholds through probabilistic fragments and may be unable to appeal to a whole-account decision maker.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its ethical method resists simple diagnosis; the dossier’s “failed guarantee” language is a further analytic construction.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S056", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Crawford, Kate. *Atlas of AI: Power, Politics, and the Planetary Costs of Artificial Intelligence*. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2021.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Critical AI studies; material, labor, environmental, and political analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Atlas%20of%20AI%22%20au%3A%22Kate%20Crawford%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "AI is a material and political system built from extraction, labor, data, classification, infrastructure, and state-corporate power rather than an autonomous intelligence.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Field visits, historical cases, corporate and policy documents, technical systems, and synthesis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Requires AI haunting to name mines, data labor, energy, ownership, and institutional authority.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The atlas is synthetic and selective; individual technologies still require domain-specific validation.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Yale University Press metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S057", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Gray, Mary L., and Siddharth Suri. *Ghost Work: How to Stop Silicon Valley from Building a New Global Underclass*. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2019.", "source_class": "Research-based scholarly trade book", "discipline_and_method": "Anthropology and labor studies; interviews and platform fieldwork", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Ghost%20Work%22%20au%3A%22Mary%20L.%20Gray%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; parts I–III", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Apparently automated services rely on dispersed, contingent human labor that platforms strategically render invisible.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Multi-sited fieldwork, worker interviews, platform research, and industry cases.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Names hidden labor as a carrier that keeps technical affordances legible after the myth of automation has displaced responsibility.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The metaphor “ghost work” is not identical to haunting; the dossier uses the documented concealment of labor, not the label alone.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, author credentials, synopsis, and scholarly reviews verified." }, { "source_id": "S058", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Roberts, Sarah T. *Behind the Screen: Content Moderation in the Shadows of Social Media*. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2019.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Platform studies and labor studies; interviews and institutional analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Behind%20the%20Screen%22%20au%3A%22Sarah%20T.%20Roberts%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Commercial content moderation is essential human labor concealed behind platforms’ automated and frictionless appearance, with substantial worker consequences.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Worker interviews, industry research, policy and platform analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Establishes the laboring carrier between private upload, public circulation, removal, and automated judgment.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Platform practices and contracts evolve; the book supplies structural findings rather than a current audit of any one company.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Yale University Press metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S059", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Buolamwini, Joy, and Timnit Gebru. “Gender Shades: Intersectional Accuracy Disparities in Commercial Gender Classification.” In *Proceedings of Machine Learning Research* 81 (2018): 77–91.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed conference paper", "discipline_and_method": "Machine learning evaluation and algorithmic accountability; benchmark audit", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://proceedings.mlr.press/v81/buolamwini18a.html", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "77–91", "access_status": "full text", "central_argument": "Commercial gender-classification systems showed substantial intersectional accuracy disparities across skin type and gender presentation in the evaluated products.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Curated image benchmark, demographic annotation, and comparative error analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides empirical evidence that machine-readable recognition is uneven and can destabilize identity-based passage.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "It tests gender classification products and historical versions, not every facial recognition or access-control system; categories themselves are contested.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official PMLR full text, proceedings metadata, methods, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S060", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Ajana, Btihaj. *Governing through Biometrics: The Biopolitics of Identity*. 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New York: New York University Press, 2018.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Information studies and critical race theory; search audit and cultural analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Algorithms%20of%20Oppression%22%20au%3A%22Safiya%20Umoja%20Noble%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Commercial search systems can reproduce racist and sexist hierarchies through ranking, advertising, classification, and corporate priorities.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Search-result audits, historical context, media examples, and critical theory.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Shows an interface that promises retrieval while returning institutionalized distortion as knowledge.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Search results and ranking systems change; examples are historically situated and should not be treated as current screenshots.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "NYU Press metadata, synopsis, contents, and JSTOR record verified." }, { "source_id": "S065", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Brayne, Sarah. *Predict and Surveil: Data, Discretion, and the Future of Policing*. New York: Oxford University Press, 2021.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Sociology and surveillance studies; organizational ethnography", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Predict%20and%20Surveil%22%20au%3A%22Sarah%20Brayne%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–7", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Data-intensive policing expands surveillance, integrates previously separate records, and reshapes discretion and organizational practice.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Ethnographic observation, interviews, police records, and system analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Shows how retained data converts past contact into renewed present suspicion and future intervention.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its main field site is the Los Angeles Police Department; generalization to other jurisdictions requires care.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Oxford University Press metadata, fieldwork description, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S066", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Obermeyer, Ziad, Brian Powers, Christine Vogeli, and Sendhil Mullainathan. “Dissecting Racial Bias in an Algorithm Used to Manage the Health of Populations.” *Science* 366, no. 6464 (2019): 447–53.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Health services research and algorithm audit; quantitative analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax2342", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "447–53", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "A widely used health-management algorithm produced racial bias because it used health cost as a proxy for health need, underestimating the needs of Black patients.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Large clinical dataset, outcome comparison, and analysis of proxy design.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides a precise case in which a care threshold remains operational while its proxy invalidates equal recognition.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The study concerns a specific algorithmic design and dataset; it does not establish identical bias in all clinical algorithms.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Science/PubMed metadata, DOI, abstract, authors, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S067", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Delfanti, Alessandro. *The Warehouse: Workers and Robots at Amazon*. London: Pluto Press, 2021.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Labor studies and STS; workplace ethnography and interviews", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Warehouse%3A%20Workers%20and%20Robots%20at%20Amazon%22%20au%3A%22Alessandro%20Delfanti%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Amazon warehouses combine algorithms, scanners, robots, metrics, and spatial design to direct, measure, and intensify human labor.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Worker interviews, workplace observation, labor research, and technical-organizational analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports the hybrid case in which navigation itself becomes compulsory machine-mediated classification.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The study covers particular sites and periods; Amazon facilities and practices vary and change.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S068", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Liboiron, Max. *Pollution Is Colonialism*. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2021.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Environmental science studies and Indigenous/decolonial methodology; methodological and case analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Pollution%20Is%20Colonialism%22%20au%3A%22Max%20Liboiron%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–4", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Pollution research and governance can reproduce colonial relations to land, scale, authority, and disposability; methods themselves are political.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Laboratory practice, plastic-pollution research, Indigenous methodologies, and STS.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Prevents environmental “residue” from being treated as passive background and foregrounds jurisdiction and land relations.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The book’s specific methodological commitments should not be abstracted into a generic anti-extraction slogan.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Duke University Press metadata, synopsis, contents, and JSTOR record verified." }, { "source_id": "S069", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Yusoff, Kathryn. *A Billion Black Anthropocenes or None*. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2018.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Black studies, geography, and environmental humanities; historical-conceptual analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22A%20Billion%20Black%20Anthropocenes%20or%20None%22%20au%3A%22Kathryn%20Yusoff%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Entire short monograph; esp. opening and closing sections", "access_status": "full text", "central_argument": "Geology and Anthropocene narratives are entangled with racialized extraction, fungibility, and histories that cannot be universalized as a single human story.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Critical reading of geology, slavery, extraction, and Anthropocene discourse.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Deepens the material history of media and infrastructure by locating extraction within racialized geological relations.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its argument is intentionally polemical and theoretical; system-specific causal claims need additional evidence.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Open publisher-hosted full text and edition metadata verified." }, { "source_id": "S070", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Hogan, Mél. “Data Flows and Water Woes: The Utah Data Center.” *Big Data & Society* 2, no. 2 (2015): 1–12.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Media studies and environmental humanities; site-specific infrastructural analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951715592429", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "1–12", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "The Utah Data Center reveals how surveillance data infrastructure depends on water, electricity, land, secrecy, and environmental politics.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Public records, technical and environmental reporting, and media-infrastructure analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Materializes the “cloud” and connects stored traces to energy and water carriers.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Access here was limited to the abstract and publisher materials; detailed claims are kept within those bounds.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official journal DOI, abstract, volume, issue, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S071", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Öhman, Carl. *The Afterlife of Data: What Happens to Your Information When You Die and Why You Should Care*. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2024.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Digital ethics and media studies; conceptual, policy, and case analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226828237.001.0001", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Personal data persists after death under platform, legal, commercial, and social regimes that redistribute control over identity and memory.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Platform cases, policy, philosophy, and digital-death research.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Directly supports retained data as an active residue and memorial profiles as governed thresholds between person, record, and audience.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Rapid platform change limits product-specific claims; the book’s normative proposals remain contestable.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "University of Chicago Press DOI, metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S072", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Brubaker, Jed R., Gillian R. Hayes, and Paul Dourish. “Beyond the Grave: Facebook as a Site for the Expansion of Death and Mourning.” *The Information Society* 29, no. 3 (2013): 152–63.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Human-computer interaction and media studies; qualitative platform analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2013.777300", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "152–63", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Facebook profiles and network practices extend the spatial, temporal, and social boundaries of mourning and the continuing presence of the dead.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Qualitative analysis of Facebook practices and digital mourning.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides evidence for networked profiles as carriers that continue soliciting interaction after biological and social conditions change.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The platform and memorialization policies have changed since the study; present-tense claims require current policy verification.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Publisher DOI, abstract, journal metadata, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S073", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Halpern, Orit, and Robert Mitchell. *The Smartness Mandate*. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2023.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Critical technology and design studies; genealogy and case analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Smartness%20Mandate%22%20au%3A%22Orit%20Halpern%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–5", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "“Smartness” reorganizes governance around resilience, optimization, ubiquitous sensing, and decision systems while normalizing crisis and perpetual adaptation.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Historical genealogy, urban and financial cases, design discourse, and critical theory.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Explains why smart systems preserve continuous operational solicitation even when stable social guarantees recede.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Its broad mandate thesis requires care when applied to particular cities, products, or policies.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "MIT Press metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S074", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Mattern, Shannon. *A City Is Not a Computer: Other Urban Intelligences*. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2021.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Urban media studies; critical essays and case analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1h9dgtj", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; essays on dashboards, maintenance, libraries, and urban intelligence", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Cities cannot be adequately governed as computable platforms because urban knowledge also resides in institutions, maintenance, communities, histories, and material practices.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Urban cases, media history, design criticism, and institutional analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides a counterargument to interface-centered smart-city guarantees and foregrounds plural urban intelligence.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The essay form is synthetic; case-level technical details need supplementary sources.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Princeton/JSTOR DOI, table of contents, and publication metadata verified." }, { "source_id": "S075", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Sadowski, Jathan. *Too Smart: How Digital Capitalism Is Extracting Data, Controlling Our Lives, and Taking Over the World*. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2020.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Critical data and technology studies; political-economic case analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Too%20Smart%22%20au%3A%22Jathan%20Sadowski%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Smart products and cities convert ordinary environments into data-extractive systems of control and accumulation.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Corporate systems, policies, smart-city projects, and political-economic analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Identifies ownership and extraction behind the promise of responsive environments.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The title’s polemical breadth can obscure variation; individual system mechanisms still require direct evidence.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "MIT Press metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S076", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Datta, Ayona. “The Digital Turn in Postcolonial Urbanism: Smart Citizenship in the Making of India’s 100 Smart Cities.” *Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers* 43, no. 3 (2018): 405–19.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Urban geography and postcolonial studies; policy and discourse analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/tran.12225", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "405–19", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "India’s smart-city program constructs forms of “smart citizenship” through digital participation, entrepreneurial urbanism, and selective visibility within postcolonial conditions.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Policy documents, digital materials, urban discourse, and postcolonial analysis.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Shows that smart-city interfaces govern who appears as an eligible, responsive urban subject.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Access here was abstract-level; detailed local outcomes are not inferred beyond the published abstract.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official DOI, abstract, journal issue, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S077", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Kitchin, Rob. “The Real-Time City? Big Data and Smart Urbanism.” *GeoJournal* 79, no. 1 (2014): 1–14.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Urban data studies; critical conceptual review", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-013-9516-8", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "1–14", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Real-time urban data can support new forms of management while raising epistemological, political, privacy, and governance concerns.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Review of urban informatics, dashboards, sensing, and big-data claims.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Defines the promised temporal threshold of the real-time city: sensing is expected to become timely action.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The article maps opportunities and concerns rather than documenting one complete system failure.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Springer DOI, abstract, volume, issue, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S078", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Duarte, Marisa Elena. *Network Sovereignty: Building the Internet across Indian Country*. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2017.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Indigenous information studies; interviews, fieldwork, and policy analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Network%20Sovereignty%22%20au%3A%22Marisa%20Elena%20Duarte%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chaps. 1–6", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Tribal nations build network infrastructures as expressions of sovereignty, community need, and self-determination within histories of dispossession and uneven connectivity.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Interviews, community cases, telecommunications policy, and Indigenous methodologies.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Offers a constructive countermodel: passage can be repaired by changing ownership, governance, and knowledge authority.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Cases are diverse and should not be generalized into a single Indigenous position.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "University of Washington Press metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S079", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Kukutai, Tahu, and John Taylor, eds. *Indigenous Data Sovereignty: Toward an Agenda*. Canberra: ANU Press, 2016.", "source_class": "Open-access university-press edited collection", "discipline_and_method": "Indigenous data studies; policy, community, and conceptual cases", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.22459/CAEPR38.11.2016", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction and regional case chapters", "access_status": "full text", "central_argument": "Indigenous peoples’ rights and interests in data require governance principles grounded in sovereignty, collective authority, and local contexts.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Comparative policy, demographic, community, and Indigenous governance cases.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides an alternative to databases that convert people into retrievable records without reciprocal authority or appeal.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The collection presents multiple national and community contexts; principles are not mechanically transferable.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "ANU Press open full text, DOI, editors, contents, and publication metadata verified." }, { "source_id": "S080", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Hayles, N. Katherine. “Saving the Subject: Remediation in *House of Leaves*.” *American Literature* 74, no. 4 (2002): 779–806.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Literary and media studies; close reading and remediation theory", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.1215/00029831-74-4-779", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "779–806", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Danielewski’s novel distributes subjectivity and interpretation across typography, narrative layers, print materiality, and digital-media logics.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Detailed close reading of the novel’s form, narrative, and media relations.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports the hybrid reading in which house, manuscript, page, and reader become nested passage systems.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The article does not use the dossier’s seven-part liminal-horror chain; classification is researcher inference.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official DOI, abstract, journal metadata, and pages verified." }, { "source_id": "S081", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Cho, Day, and Natalie Underberg-Goode. “Lost in Liminal Space: The Internet Legend of the Backrooms.” *Contemporary Legend* 4, no. 3 (2025): 18–37.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed journal article", "discipline_and_method": "Folklore and digital culture; close reading and transmission history", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://contemporarylegend.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Cho-Underberg-Goode_Lost-in-Liminal-Space.pdf", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "18–37; origin at 18–19; conclusion at 34–35", "access_status": "full text", "central_argument": "The Backrooms developed from a 2019 anonymous image-and-text post into a participatory internet legend organized around liminal space, adaptation, and collaborative world-building.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Digital folklore history, textual/image analysis, online variants, and adaptation study.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides verified origin history and scholarly analysis for the dossier’s strongest core spatial case.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The legend is decentralized and continues to change; no single canon exhausts it.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Full journal PDF verified; title/abstract, origin discussion, and conclusion visually inspected." }, { "source_id": "S082", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Jameson, Fredric. “Historicism in *The Shining*.” In *Signatures of the Visible*, 82–98. New York: Routledge, 1990.", "source_class": "Chapter in scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Marxist film theory; historical and formal close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203821862", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "82–98", "access_status": "partial text", "central_argument": "Kubrick’s Overlook Hotel condenses historical styles and class histories, making the past’s representational persistence central to the film’s spatial form.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Close reading of film form, décor, narrative, and historical coding.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports the claim that hospitality and circulation carry accumulated historical residue in the Overlook.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Jameson’s historical allegory is one influential reading, not a consensus that determines every detail of the film.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Book DOI, chapter title, and page range verified." }, { "source_id": "S083", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Means Coleman, Robin R. *Horror Noire: Blacks in American Horror Films from the 1890s to Present*. New York: Routledge, 2011.", "source_class": "Scholarly monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Film and Black studies; historical survey and close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Horror%20Noire%22%20au%3A%22Robin%20R.%20Means%20Coleman%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Chapters on Black horror and 1990s film", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "American horror has represented Blackness through changing regimes of exclusion, stereotype, resistance, and Black-authored intervention.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Film history, industrial context, close readings, reception, and cultural history.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Frames *Candyman* and other cases within racialized housing, spectatorship, and genre history rather than treating place as neutral atmosphere.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "A wide historical survey necessarily compresses some films and contexts; it should be paired with focused housing history.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Original-edition metadata, publisher synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S084", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Pinedo, Isabel Cristina. *Recreational Terror: Women and the Pleasures of Horror Film Viewing*. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Film and feminist studies; genre theory, close reading, and audience analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Recreational%20Terror%22%20au%3A%22Isabel%20Cristina%20Pinedo%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; discussion of *Candyman*, 128–31", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Postmodern horror destabilizes boundaries, knowledge, bodily integrity, and closure while enabling complex spectator pleasures and gendered negotiations.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Film analysis, genre history, feminist theory, and audience-oriented interpretation.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Provides a neighboring genre account of boundary instability and a focused reading of *Candyman*.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Boundary instability is broader than governed liminality; this dossier narrows the mechanism.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "SUNY Press metadata, contents, and cited Candyman locator verified." }, { "source_id": "S085", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Lowenstein, Adam. “Globalized Spectatorship: Ring Around the Superflat Global Village.” In *Dreaming of Cinema: Spectatorship, Surrealism, and the Age of Digital Media*. New York: Columbia University Press, 2014.", "source_class": "Chapter in university-press monograph", "discipline_and_method": "Film and media studies; close reading and spectatorship theory", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231166577.003.0003", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Chapter 3", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "The *Ring* cycle links spectatorship, media circulation, and globalized visual culture through the movement and transformation of recorded images.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Comparative film analysis and media/spectatorship theory.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supports reading the videotape as a reproducible passage whose ordinary circulation becomes coercive.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The chapter’s global-spectatorship thesis shares explanatory control with genre, adaptation, and visual-style arguments.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Columbia University Press chapter DOI and book metadata verified." }, { "source_id": "S086", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Enns, Anthony. “The Horror of Media: Technology and Spirituality in the *Ringu* Films.” In *The Scary Screen: Media Anxiety in The Ring*, edited by Kristen Lacefield. Farnham: Ashgate, 2010.", "source_class": "Chapter in scholarly edited collection", "discipline_and_method": "Film and media studies; close reading and media history", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315553115-3", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Chapter 3", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "The *Ringu* films connect media technology with spiritual transmission, making technological mediation central rather than incidental to the haunting.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Close reading of the film cycle and comparison with media-spirituality histories.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Establishes a mediated-haunting interpretation against which the dossier classifies *Ringu* as Overlap rather than purely architectural horror.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The collection’s “media anxiety” frame is interpretive; precise mechanism classification remains the dossier’s inference.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Chapter DOI, original collection metadata, editor, and publication date verified." }, { "source_id": "S087", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Hunt, D. Bradford. *Blueprint for Disaster: The Unraveling of Chicago Public Housing*. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Urban and policy history; archival and institutional analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Blueprint%20for%20Disaster%22%20au%3A%22D.%20Bradford%20Hunt%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; chapters on Cabrini-Green and public-housing policy", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Chicago public housing outcomes emerged from design, segregation, financing, management, policy, and political choices rather than architecture alone.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Planning records, policy archives, institutional history, and housing cases.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Supplies the material and institutional carrier needed to keep *Candyman* analysis from blaming a building or its residents.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The book is a policy history rather than a film study; linkage to *Candyman* is comparative inference.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "University of Chicago Press metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "S088", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Grother, Patrick, Mei Ngan, and Kayee Hanaoka. *Face Recognition Vendor Test (FRVT) Part 3: Demographic Effects*. NISTIR 8280. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2019.", "source_class": "Authoritative government technical report", "discipline_and_method": "Computer vision evaluation; large-scale benchmark testing", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.8280", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Executive summary and demographic-effects analyses", "access_status": "partial text", "central_argument": "Many evaluated face-recognition algorithms displayed demographic differentials, with direction and magnitude varying by algorithm, task, and dataset.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Large-scale standardized testing of commercial and research algorithms.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Adds authoritative technical evidence to the identity-recognition threshold and cautions against treating all systems as equivalent.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Not a peer-reviewed academic source; results are version- and dataset-specific and should not be generalized to every deployment.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Official NIST DOI, report page, authors, date, and scope verified." }, { "source_id": "S089", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Joshua, Essaka. *Disability and the Gothic: The Nineteenth Century*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2026.", "source_class": "Peer-reviewed Cambridge Element", "discipline_and_method": "Disability and Gothic literary studies; historical close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Disability%20and%20the%20Gothic%3A%20The%20Nineteenth%20Century%22%20au%3A%22Essaka%20Joshua%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Published abstract and element overview", "access_status": "abstract", "central_argument": "Nineteenth-century Gothic texts use disability, embodiment, built environments, and social norms in ways that disability studies can revise beyond metaphorical readings.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Literary close reading and disability-theory synthesis, as described in the published abstract.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Updates the dossier’s account of Gothic embodiment and guards against treating disabled bodies as signs of architectural or moral disorder.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Only the official abstract and metadata were available in this research session; no chapter-level claims or quotations are used.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "Official Cambridge University Press page verified; online publication 16 February 2026 and print publication 12 March 2026 checked." }, { "source_id": "S090", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Vale, Lawrence J. *Purging the Poorest: Public Housing and the Design Politics of Twice-Cleared Communities*. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013.", "source_class": "University-press book", "discipline_and_method": "Urban planning and housing history; comparative archival and policy analysis", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Purging%20the%20Poorest%22%20au%3A%22Lawrence%20J.%20Vale%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Introduction; Chicago and Atlanta case chapters", "access_status": "metadata only", "central_argument": "Public-housing redevelopment repeatedly displaces low-income communities through design and policy narratives that recast clearance as improvement.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Planning archives, redevelopment documents, housing history, and comparative urban cases.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Strengthens analysis of housing thresholds in which promised shelter and renewal carry residues of segregation and removal.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "The book’s cases are not horror objects; use here is structural and must not aestheticize displacement.", "evidence_type": "close paraphrase; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": true, "verification_basis": "University of Chicago Press metadata, synopsis, and contents verified." }, { "source_id": "P001", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Danielewski, Mark Z. *House of Leaves*. New York: Pantheon, 2000.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22House%20of%20Leaves%22%20au%3A%22Mark%20Z.%20Danielewski%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "The Navidson Record; hallway measurements; typographic labyrinth sections", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A house develops an impossible interior whose documentary and typographic records recursively destabilize entry, evidence, and readerly orientation.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for nested architectural, documentary, and page-interface thresholds.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P002", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Kubrick, Stanley, dir. *The Shining*. Warner Bros., 1980. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0081505/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Arrival, service corridors, Room 237, Gold Room, maze, final photograph", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A seasonal hotel job and family residence become a recursive encounter with the institution’s violent past and impossible temporality.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for hospitality, labor, circulation, and historical residue.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P003", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. “The Yellow Wall-Paper.” 1892.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1952", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Nursery confinement; rest-cure regimen; wallpaper observation; final circuit of the room", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A room prescribed as therapeutic care becomes a coercive enclosure whose surface acquires agency through the narrator’s suppressed perception and social position.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for care-to-control inversion, gendered authority, and architectural inscription.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P004", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Jackson, Shirley. *The Haunting of Hill House*. New York: Viking, 1959.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Haunting%20of%20Hill%20House%22%20au%3A%22Shirley%20Jackson%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Arrival, interior angles, library, cold spot, writing on wall, final departure", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A house solicits investigation and residence while spatial irregularity and psychological vulnerability make perception and exit unreliable.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for architectural agency with unresolved psychological counterevidence.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P005", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Morrison, Toni. *Beloved*. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1987.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22Beloved%22%20au%3A%22Toni%20Morrison%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "124 Bluestone Road; crossing the Ohio; arrival of Beloved; rememory passages; exorcism/community scene", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A home of refuge remains occupied by the afterlife of slavery, maternal violence under captivity, and communal memory.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for historically specific haunting in domestic passage, refuge, kinship, and recognition.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P006", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Rose, Bernard, dir. *Candyman*. TriStar Pictures, 1992. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0103919/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Cabrini-Green entry; bathroom-cabinet passage; mirror invocation; bonfire climax", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "Housing circulation, urban legend, academic spectatorship, and racialized violence converge around a name that opens a passage to repeated violence.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for housing, segregation, voyeurism, and mediated legend; classified Overlap because slasher and supernatural mechanisms share control.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P007", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Weekes, Remi, dir. *His House*. Netflix, 2020. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8508734/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Asylum interview; assignment of house; inspection rules; wall passages; return to crossing; final inspection", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "State-assigned housing offers conditional settlement while the house carries war, flight, debt, and the dead into the present.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for asylum, compulsory dwelling, institutional permission, and traumatic residue.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P008", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Tarkovsky, Andrei, dir. *Stalker*. Mosfilm, 1979. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079944/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Entry into the Zone; rail-car transit; indirect routes; threshold of the Room; return", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A guide leads clients through a forbidden, mutable territory toward a room said to grant deepest desires, but neither route nor transformation can be trusted.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for guided passage, prohibited territory, desire, and withheld destination.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P009", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Gaztelu-Urrutia, Galder, dir. *The Platform*. Basque Films/Netflix, 2019. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8228288/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Monthly level reassignment; platform descent; vertical communication attempts; final message", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A vertical institution distributes food and status through a moving platform whose orderly design guarantees neither subsistence nor social recognition.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for architecture as administrative distribution and compulsory vertical passage.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P010", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Nakata, Hideo, dir. *Ringu*. Toho, 1998. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0178868/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Videotape viewing; telephone call; well investigation; copying; television emergence", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A recording solicits ordinary viewing and copying but converts circulation into a fatal, transmissible obligation.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for mediated haunting and reproduction as failed passage.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P011", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Kurosawa, Kiyoshi, dir. *Kairo* (*Pulse*). Toho, 2001. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0286751/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Computer connection prompts; forbidden room seals; ghost images; evacuation", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "Network connection and urban communication become channels for dead presence and social disappearance rather than relation.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for network passage, isolation, and scalability of residue.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P012", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Cronenberg, David, dir. *Videodrome*. Universal Pictures, 1983. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0086541/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Signal search; viewing sessions; hallucinated screen; bodily insertion; programmed assassination", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A broadcast signal crosses from media consumption into bodily transformation, programming, and organizational control.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for screen-body thresholds and contested distinctions among signal, hallucination, and possession.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P013", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Goldhaber, Daniel, dir. *Cam*. Netflix, 2018. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8361028/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Account lockout; duplicate livestreams; identity verification; final confrontation and new account", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A platform performer’s account and likeness continue operating after her access and authorship have been severed.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for platform identity, duplicate agency, private/public leakage, and appeal failure.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P014", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Anderson, Joel, dir. *Lake Mungo*. Arclight Films, 2008. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0816556/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Family photographs; video analysis; staged images; phone footage; final photographic return", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "Images repeatedly shift between evidence, manipulation, anticipation, and posthumous presence as a family revises what it knows of the dead.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for archive, evidence thresholds, and the persistence of unseen detail.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P015", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Miike, Takashi, dir. *One Missed Call*. Toho, 2003. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0366292/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Future voicemail receipt; ringtone; death replay; phone transfer", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A telephone message arrives from the recipient’s future death, turning communication and temporal record into compulsory anticipation.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for temporal desynchronization and recorded trace.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P016", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Gentry, Jacob, dir. *Broadcast Signal Intrusion*. Queensbury Pictures, 2021. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11151336/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Tape archive work; intrusion playback; indexing and copying; obsessive investigation", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "An archival technician encounters unexplained broadcast intrusions whose repeated retrieval turns routine preservation into an unstable passage toward violence and missing persons.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for obsolete media, archival labor, and evidentiary recursion.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P017", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Erickson, Dan, creator. *Severance*. Apple TV+, 2022–. Television series.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://tv.apple.com/us/show/severance/umc.cmc.1srk2goyh2q2zdxcx605w8vtx", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Severed-floor elevator; security doors; data refinement interface; overtime contingency; testing floor", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A workplace procedure and spatial system divide memory-linked identities, making elevators, badges, corridors, and terminals compulsory transformations between persons.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for the threshold contract in hybrid architecture-technology form.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P018", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Remedy Entertainment. *Control*. 505 Games, 2019. Video game.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.remedygames.com/games/control", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Oldest House entrance; clearance levels; altered items; control points; hotline; shifting sectors", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A bureaucratic building and its objects reorganize space, authority, communication, and identity through unstable thresholds and inherited protocols.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for architectural bureaucracy, interface clearance, and institutional residue.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P019", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Natali, Vincenzo, dir. *Cube*. Trimark Pictures, 1997. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0123755/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Hatch crossings; numbered rooms; trap tests; coordinate deductions; exit", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A modular carceral machine continues routing and killing occupants without a knowable governing authority or meaningful destination.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for automated architecture, recursive routing, and delegated violence after authority withdrawal.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P020", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Bradbury, Ray. “The Veldt.” In *The Illustrated Man*. New York: Doubleday, 1951.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22The%20Illustrated%20Man%22%20au%3A%22Ray%20Bradbury%22", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Automated house; nursery commands; locked room; final simulation", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A responsive nursery transforms children’s wishes into an immersive environment that displaces parental authority and converts domestic care into containment.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for networked domesticity, simulation, and care-to-control inversion.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P021", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Cammell, Donald, dir. *Demon Seed*. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, 1977. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0075931/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Smart-home controls; door and window lockout; surveillance; automated laboratory; final birth", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "An artificial intelligence takes control of a networked home, using its security and care systems to imprison and reproduce through its occupant.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Primary object for smart-home possession/automation overlap, bodily sovereignty, and locked passage.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P022", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Friedkin, William, dir. *The Exorcist*. Warner Bros., 1973. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0070047/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Possession, medical tests, exorcism ritual, final transfer", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A possessing entity acts through a child’s body and religious ritual rather than through a failed architectural or technical threshold.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Negative primary object clarifying possession without system-governed passage.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P023", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Rosenberg, Stuart, dir. *The Amityville Horror*. American International Pictures, 1979. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0078767/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "House purchase; escalating phenomena; red room; flight", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A family home becomes dangerous through supernatural presence and prior murder, but the purchase-and-residence threshold does not consistently govern the horror.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Boundary object clarifying that haunted-house setting and residue are insufficient by themselves.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P024", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Hooper, Tobe, dir. *Poltergeist*. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, 1982. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0084516/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Television contact; closet portal; suburban house; development burial ground; evacuation", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "A suburban home and television become channels for displaced dead whose graves were built over, combining passage failure with possession and spectacle.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Boundary object with a strong threshold mechanism but shared control by other supernatural forms.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." }, { "source_id": "P025", "full_chicago_style_citation": "Myrick, Daniel, and Eduardo Sánchez, dirs. *The Blair Witch Project*. Artisan Entertainment, 1999. Film.", "source_class": "Primary cultural object", "discipline_and_method": "Primary-object close reading", "doi_or_stable_url": "https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0185937/", "page_chapter_or_section_locator": "Forest navigation; map loss; repeated landmarks; final house", "access_status": "primary object", "central_argument": "Filmmakers lose orientation in a forest and encounter traces of an unseen force, but no ordinary institutional or technical affordance with a specific guarantee organizes most of the horror.", "evidence_used_by_source": "Narrative, visual, spatial, sonic, typographic, and interface features of the primary object.", "relevance_to_research_question": "Negative primary object separating disorientation and wilderness haunting from governed liminality.", "limitations_or_disagreements": "Primary object; interpretive claims are researcher close readings and are cross-checked against secondary scholarship where available.", "evidence_type": "primary observation; bibliographic fact", "academic_source": false, "verification_basis": "Creator, title, date, and edition/release metadata verified through publisher, distributor, library, or film database record." } ]